| 1. | Potential gradient in the arc column
弧柱电位梯度 |
| 2. | Constant potential gradient
恒定电位梯度 |
| 3. | Infiltration mostly depended on matric potential gradient and the effect of upslope runoff could be omitted , when initial water content was very low
当初始含水量较低时，入渗主要受控于基质势梯度的作用，上方来水对入渗几乎没有影响。 |
| 4. | High - phase order power transmission is an important method to increase the power density because it can obviously decrease the surface potential gradient of the transmission conductor
多相输电能够明显地降低导线表面的电位梯度,是提高输送功率密度的重要方法。 |
| 5. | In short , adding appropriate amount rare - earths oxide can improve potential gradient greatly , decrease leakage current with voltage ratio no changed and make zinc oxide varistor with outstanding comprehensively performance
总之，添加微量稀土氧化物能够显著提高氧化锌压敏阀片的电位梯度、降低漏电流，使其具有优良的综合性能。 |
| 6. | So the optium content of ceo2 is 0 . 06mol % in this study . when the la2o3 content is 0 . 04mol % , potential gradient is the highest , and improves about 57 % , voltage ratio is lower , leakage current is minmum
当la _ 2o _ 3含量为0 . 04mol时，氧化锌压敏阀片的电位梯度达到极值，与不含la _ 2o _ 3的氧化锌压敏阀片相比提高约57 ，且压比较小，漏电流最低。 |
| 7. | So the optium content of nd203 is 0 . 04mol % in this study . when the ceo2 content is 0 . 06mol % , potential gradient is maximum , improves about 30 % , voltage ratio is lower , and leakage current is the lowest
当ceo _ 2含量为0 . 06mol时，氧化锌压敏阀片的电位梯度达到极值，比添加ceo _ 2前的电位梯度提高约30 ，且压比较低，漏电流最小，因此本实验ceo _ 2添加量的最佳值为0 . 06mol 。 |
| 8. | An understanding of electrical emission of concrete may lead to hi practical application such as nondestructive testing of concrete . ( s ) according to nonequilibrium thermodynamics , a mathematical model on the relationship between strain gradient and electric potential gradient is presented
( 5 )依据非平衡态热力学建立了混凝土中应变梯度和电势梯度、应变梯此汉理卜人学附士学位论文度和电场强度等力电关系的数学模型。 |
| 9. | The stress induced electrical current changes with stress changing . the sensitivity of cfrc and plain concrete depends on their component , loading condition and the method of measurement . the study on mechano - electric effect of hardened cement paste provides a new method to make smart concrete structures . according to nonequilibrium thermodynamics , a mathematical model on the relatrionship between strain gradient and electric potential gradient is presented
研究表明，碳纤维混凝土(粗骨料)的电阻随所受荷载的变化而变化，不同组成混凝土的力电机敏特性不同，力电机敏特性可望用于混凝土结构的应力诊断，从而为智能混凝土结构的实现开辟了新的途径。 |
| 10. | ( 3 ) when evaporation was stopped during the process of soil water redistribution , soil water would move downslope by gravity . when evaporation was in process , due to low initial water content , most infiltrated water from small intensity and amount of rainfall would be consumed by intensive evapotranspiration during rainy season , and lateral downslope unsaturated flow seldom took place . however , soil water would move downslope by gravitational and matric potential gradients after continuous rainfall
( 3 )在防止蒸发条件下，再分布过程中，土壤水分在重力的作用下有沿坡向下运移的趋势；在蒸发条件下，由于初始含水量一般较低，雨季量小且分散的降雨极易为强烈的蒸发蒸腾所消耗，侧向沿坡向下流难以发生，但在持续的降雨条件下，土壤水分在重力势和基质势梯度的作用下易沿坡向下运移。 |
